Role of the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) in the maintenance of intestinal mucosal integrity

Utilizing a conditional (intestinal-specific) knockout (cKO) mouse model, we have recently shown that the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) (SLC5A6) is the only biotin uptake system that operates in the gut and that its deletion leads to biotin deficiency. Unexpectedly, we also observed that all SMVT-cKO mice develop chronic active inflammation, especially in the cecum. Our aim here was to examine the role of SMVT in the maintenance of intestinal mucosal integrity [permeability and expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins]. Our results showed that knocking out the mouse intestinal SMVT is associated with a significant increase in gut permeability and with changes in the level of expression of TJ proteins. To determine whether these changes are related to the state of biotin deficiency that develops in SMVT-cKO mice, we induced (by dietary means) biotin deficiency in wild-type mice and examined its effect on the above-mentioned parameters. The results showed that dietary-induced biotin deficiency leads to a similar development of chronic active inflammation in the cecum with an increase in the level of expression of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as an increase in intestinal permeability and changes in the level of expression of TJ proteins. We also examined the effect of chronic biotin deficiency on permeability and expression of TJ proteins in confluent intestinal epithelial Caco-2 monolayers but observed no changes in these parameters. These results show that the intestinal SMVT plays an important role in the maintenance of normal mucosal integrity, most likely via its role in providing biotin to different cells of the gut mucosa.

From: Sabui, S., Bohl, J. A., Kapadia, R., Cogburn, K., Ghosal, A., Lambrecht, N. W., Said, H. M. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG561%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Identification of food-grade subtilisins as gluten-degrading enzymes to treat celiac disease

Gluten are proline- and glutamine-rich proteins present in wheat, barley, and rye and contain the immunogenic sequences that drive celiac disease (CD). Rothia mucilaginosa, an oral microbial colonizer, can cleave these gluten epitopes. The aim was to isolate and identify the enzymes and evaluate their potential as novel enzyme therapeutics for CD. The membrane-associated R. mucilaginosa proteins were extracted and separated by DEAE chromatography. Enzyme activities were monitored with paranitroanilide-derivatized and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) peptide substrates, and by gliadin zymography. Epitope elimination was determined in R5 and G12 ELISAs. The gliadin-degrading Rothia enzymes were identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS as hypothetical proteins ROTMU0001_0241 (C6R5V9_9MICC), ROTMU0001_0243 (C6R5W1_9MICC), and ROTMU0001_240 (C6R5V8_9MICC). A search with the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool revealed that these are subtilisin-like serine proteases belonging to the peptidase S8 family. Alignment of the major Rothia subtilisins indicated that all contain the catalytic triad with Asp (D), His (H), and Ser (S) in the D-H-S order. They cleaved succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-paranitroanilide, a substrate for subtilisin with Pro in the P2 position, as in Tyr-Pro-Gln and Leu-Pro-Tyr in gluten, which are also cleaved. Consistently, FRET substrates of gliadin immunogenic epitopes comprising Xaa-Pro-Xaa motives were rapidly hydrolyzed. The Rothia subtilisins and two subtilisins from Bacillus licheniformis, subtilisin A and the food-grade Nattokinase, efficiently degraded the immunogenic gliadin-derived 33-mer peptide and the immunodominant epitopes recognized by the R5 and G12 antibodies. This study identified Rothia and food-grade Bacillus subtilisins as promising new candidates for enzyme therapeutics in CD.

From: Wei, G., Tian, N., Siezen, R., Schuppan, D., Helmerhorst, E. J. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG571%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Legumain is activated in macrophages during pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by dysregulated activity of digestive enzymes, necrosis, immune infiltration, and pain. Repeated incidence of pancreatitis is an important risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Legumain, a lysosomal cysteine protease, has been linked to inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, and cancer. Until now, legumain activation has not been studied during pancreatitis. We used a fluorescently quenched activity-based probe to assess legumain activation during caerulein-induced pancreatitis in mice. We detected activated legumain by ex vivo imaging, confocal microscopy, and gel electrophoresis. Compared with healthy controls, legumain activity in the pancreas of caerulein-treated mice was increased in a time-dependent manner. Legumain was localized to CD68⁺ macrophages and was not active in pancreatic acinar cells. Using a small-molecule inhibitor of legumain, we found that this protease is not essential for the initiation of pancreatitis. However, it may serve as a biomarker of disease, since patients with chronic pancreatitis show strongly increased legumain expression in macrophages. Moreover, the occurrence of legumain-expressing macrophages in regions of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia suggests that this protease may influence reprogramming events that lead to inflammation-induced pancreatic cancer.

From: Edgington-Mitchell, L. E., Wartmann, T., Fleming, A. K., Gocheva, V., van der Linden, W. A., Withana, N. P., Verdoes, M., Aurelio, L., Edgington-Mitchell, D., Lieu, T., Parker, B. S., Graham, B., Reinheckel, T., Furness, J. B., Joyce, J. A., Storz, P., Halangk, W., Bogyo, M., Bunnett, N. W. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG548%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Preterm infant gut microbiota affects intestinal epithelial development in a humanized microbiome gnotobiotic mouse model

Development of the infant small intestine is influenced by bacterial colonization. To promote establishment of optimal microbial communities in preterm infants, knowledge of the beneficial functions of the early gut microbiota on intestinal development is needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of early preterm infant microbiota on host gut development using a gnotobiotic mouse model. Histological assessment of intestinal development was performed. The differentiation of four epithelial cell lineages (enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells, enteroendocrine cells) and tight junction (TJ) formation was examined. Using weight gain as a surrogate marker for health, we found that early microbiota from a preterm infant with normal weight gain (M_PI-H) induced increased villus height and crypt depth, increased cell proliferation, increased numbers of goblet cells and Paneth cells, and enhanced TJs compared with the changes induced by early microbiota from a poor weight gain preterm infant (M_PI-L). Laser capture microdissection (LCM) plus qRT-PCR further revealed, in M_PI-H mice, a higher expression of stem cell marker Lgr5 and Paneth cell markers Lyz1 and Cryptdin5 in crypt populations, along with higher expression of the goblet cell and mature enterocyte marker Muc3 in villus populations. In contrast, M_PI-L microbiota failed to induce the aforementioned changes and presented intestinal characteristics comparable to a germ-free host. Our data demonstrate that microbial communities have differential effects on intestinal development. Future studies to identify pioneer settlers in neonatal microbial communities necessary to induce maturation may provide new insights for preterm infant microbial ecosystem therapeutics.

From: Yu, Y., Lu, L., Sun, J., Petrof, E. O., Claud, E. C. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG521%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

How host regulation of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis protects against peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer

The bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori is the etiological agent of a range of gastrointestinal pathologies including peptic ulcer disease and the major killer, gastric adenocarcinoma. Infection with this bacterium induces a chronic inflammatory response in the gastric mucosa (gastritis). It is this gastritis that, over decades, eventually drives the development of H. pylori-associated disease in some individuals. The majority of studies investigating H. pylori pathogenesis have focused on factors that promote disease development in infected individuals. However, an estimated 85% of those infected with H. pylori remain completely asymptomatic, despite the presence of pathogenic bacteria that drive a chronic gastritis that lasts many decades. This indicates the presence of highly effective regulatory processes in the host that, in most cases, keeps a check on inflammation and protect against disease. In this minireview we discuss such known host factors and how they prevent the development of H. pylori-associated pathologies.

From: Dhar, P., Ng, G. Z., Sutton, P. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG514%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Opioidergic effects on enteric and sensory nerves in the lower GI tract: basic mechanisms and clinical implications

Opioids are one of the most prescribed drug classes for treating acute pain. However, chronic use is often associated with tolerance as well as debilitating side effects, including nausea and dependence, which are mediated by the central nervous system, as well as constipation emerging from effects on the enteric nervous system. These gastrointestinal (GI) side effects limit the usefulness of opioids in treating pain in many patients. Understanding the mechanism(s) of action of opioids on the nervous system that shows clinical benefit as well as those that have unwanted effects is critical for the improvement of opioid drugs. The opioidergic system comprises three classical receptors (μ, , ) and a nonclassical receptor (nociceptin), and each of these receptors is expressed to varying extents by the enteric and intestinal extrinsic sensory afferent nerves. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role that the opioidergic system has on enteric and extrinsic afferent nerves in the lower GI tract in health and diseases of the lower GI tract, particularly inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, and the implications of opioid treatment on clinical outcomes. Consideration is also given to emerging developments in our understanding of the immune system as a novel source of endogenous opioids and the mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance, including the potential influence of opioid receptor splice variants and heteromeric complexes.

From: Hughes, P. A., Costello, S. P., Bryant, R. V., Andrews, J. M. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG501%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) controls monocyte production and maturation and the steady-state size of the liver in pigs

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) is an essential growth and differentiation factor for cells of the macrophage lineage. To explore the role of CSF1 in steady-state control of monocyte production and differentiation and tissue repair, we previously developed a bioactive protein with a longer half-life in circulation by fusing pig CSF1 with the Fc region of pig IgG1a. CSF1-Fc administration to pigs expanded progenitor pools in the marrow and selectively increased monocyte numbers and their expression of the maturation marker CD163. There was a rapid increase in the size of the liver, and extensive proliferation of hepatocytes associated with increased macrophage infiltration. Despite the large influx of macrophages, there was no evidence of liver injury and no increase in circulating liver enzymes. Microarray expression profiling of livers identified increased expression of macrophage markers, i.e., cytokines such as TNF, IL1, and IL6 known to influence hepatocyte proliferation, alongside cell cycle genes. The analysis also revealed selective enrichment of genes associated with portal, as opposed to centrilobular regions, as seen in hepatic regeneration. Combined with earlier data from the mouse, this study supports the existence of a CSF1-dependent feedback loop, linking macrophages of the liver with bone marrow and blood monocytes, to mediate homeostatic control of the size of the liver. The results also provide evidence of safety and efficacy for possible clinical applications of CSF1-Fc.

From: Sauter, K. A., Waddell, L. A., Lisowski, Z. M., Young, R., Lefevre, L., Davis, G. M., Clohisey, S. M., McCulloch, M., Magowan, E., Mabbott, N. A., Summers, K. M., Hume, D. A. http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fajpgi.physiology.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F311%2F3%2FG533%3Frss%3D1&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Mental health concerns for 9/11 first responders

A new study found that 9/11 first responders suffering from PTSD with flashbacks have a higher risk of cognitive imparment

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fgrowing-concern-over-911-first-responders-mental-health%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Tech Expo will showcase innovations at ADA 2016

Dental professionals will not be on the edge of their seat at the Technology Expo at ADA 2016 – America’s Dental Meeting.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Ftech-expo-will-showcase-innovations-at-ada-2016&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Don’t burst that bubble: Sugar Free Bazooka awarded ADA Seal

Consumers who seek out ADA Seal-approved products have a bubbly new option.


From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Fdont-burst-that-bubble&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Book appointments to see state-of-art tech at ADA 2016

Dental professionals will not only see cutting-edge technology at the Technology Expo, but they will be able to get their hands on the latest innovations in free private appointments.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Fbook-appointments&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

How Families Participate & Benefit from Mayo Clinic’s Child & Adolescent Integrated Mood Program

From: Mayo Clinic http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8fVfq69CyjQ&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Connecticut toddler is 4th rare "superbug" case

Health officials are worried about E. coli bacteria developing resistance to a "last resort" antibiotic

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fconnecticut-toddler-is-4th-superbug-case%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

"Super lice" not budging with over-the-counter treatments

Prescription medications can get rid of the pests, but they're increasingly resistant to common drugstore treatments

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fsuperlice-head-lice-not-budging-with-over-the-counter-treatment-medications%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

CDC's Frieden: We're Nearly Out of Zika Money

He urges Congress to allocate more funding to combat the virus that causes severe birth defects

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Fcdcs-frieden-were-nearly-out-of-money-to-fight-zika%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Know Your Ovarian Cancer Risk -- and the Symptoms

Because early signs are often easy to ignore, 140,000 women worldwide die of the disease every year

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fovarian-cancer%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Fknow-your-risk-for-ovarian-cancer----and-the-symptoms%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

FDA Warns Ovarian Cancer Tests Not Reliable

May delay preventive therapies for high-risk women, spur unnecessary procedures in some without cancer

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fovarian-cancer%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Ffda-warns-ovarian-cancer-tests-not-reliable%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Dental community urges Congress to fund oral health programs in 2017

Washington — As Congress works towards finalizing funding for 2017, the dental community is reaching out to key legislators to request the “highest funding levels possible” for oral health programs.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Fdental-community-urges-congress-to-fund-oral-health-programs-in-2017&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

In addressing shortage, new dental school to open in Western Texas

Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso will open the state’s fourth dental school, estimated to open in 2020.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Fin-addressing-shortage&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Learn to send secure email at ADA 2016

Dental professionals can witness practical demonstrations of email image exchange that are fully compliant with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act requirements

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ada.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fada-news%2F2016-archive%2Fseptember%2Flearn-to-send-secure-email&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Jayme’s CAIMP Story

From: Mayo Clinic http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DcrzKRetX8mU&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Child and Adolescent Integrated Mood Program (CAIMP) Introduction to the Program

From: Mayo Clinic http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DY7OmrvosMpI&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Child and Adolescent Integrated Mood Program (CAIMP) Testimonials

From: Mayo Clinic http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dk8ByOLNCt8U&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Egyptian Strawberries Tied to Hepatitis A Outbreak

Egyptian Strawberries Tied to Hepatitis A Outbreak

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fhepatitis%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Fstrawberries-hepatitis-outbreak%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

New 'Superlice' Resist Most OTC Remedies

But prescription medications can still send the parasites packing

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fskin-problems-and-treatments%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Fnew-superlice-resist-most-over-the-counter-remedies%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Cancer Caregivers Face Difficult Demands

Survey results suggest more support is warranted

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fcancer%2Fnews%2F20160909%2Fcancer-caregivers-face-difficult-demands%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

9/11 through a child's eyes: Survivor overcomes PTSD, addiction

Helaina Hovitz was at middle school just three blocks away from the World Trade Center attack, and she struggled for years afterwards

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2F911-through-a-childs-eyes-survivor-overcomes-ptsd-addiction%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Why insurance denies your claim, but pays your neighbor's

Glaring differences in insurance coverage persist for amputees, children with autism and others in need of costly treatments

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fwhy-insurance-denies-your-claim-but-pays-your-neighbors%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes diet: Create your healthy-eating plan

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fdiabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-diet%2Fart-20044295&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Antidepressants: Another weapon against chronic pain

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fpain-medications%2Fart-20045647&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes prevention: 5 tips for taking control

Changing your lifestyle could be a big step toward diabetes prevention — and it's never too late to start.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Ftype-2-diabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-prevention%2Fart-20047639&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Monoclonal antibody drugs for cancer: How they work

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fcancer%2Fin-depth%2Fmonoclonal-antibody%2Fart-20047808&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Winter fitness: Safety tips for exercising outdoors

Cold outside? Don't put your fitness routine on hold. Stay safe and warm with these cold-weather exercise tips.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fhealthy-lifestyle%2Ffitness%2Fin-depth%2Ffitness%2Fart-20045626&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Beta blockers

Beta blockers treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, glaucoma and migraines. Find out more about dosing and side effects.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fhigh-blood-pressure%2Fin-depth%2Fbeta-blockers%2Fart-20044522&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Electrical Stimulation Helps Stroke Patients Move

With help of sensor-laden glove, good hand used to regain some control of inert hand

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fstroke%2Fnews%2F20160908%2Fnew-electrical-stimulation-therapy-can-help-stroke-patients-move-paralyzed-hand%3Fsrc%3DRSS_PUBLIC&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

The football injuries most likely to end an NFL career

A study of more than 550 injured NFL players reveals professional football's most common career-enders

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffootball-injuries-most-likely-to-take-down-an-nfl-players-career%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes diet: Create your healthy-eating plan

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fdiabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-diet%2Fart-20044295&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Antidepressants: Another weapon against chronic pain

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fpain-medications%2Fart-20045647&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes prevention: 5 tips for taking control

Changing your lifestyle could be a big step toward diabetes prevention — and it's never too late to start.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Ftype-2-diabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-prevention%2Fart-20047639&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Monoclonal antibody drugs for cancer: How they work

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fcancer%2Fin-depth%2Fmonoclonal-antibody%2Fart-20047808&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Winter fitness: Safety tips for exercising outdoors

Cold outside? Don't put your fitness routine on hold. Stay safe and warm with these cold-weather exercise tips.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fhealthy-lifestyle%2Ffitness%2Fin-depth%2Ffitness%2Fart-20045626&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Beta blockers

Beta blockers treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, glaucoma and migraines. Find out more about dosing and side effects.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fhigh-blood-pressure%2Fin-depth%2Fbeta-blockers%2Fart-20044522&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Antidepressants: Another weapon against chronic pain

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fpain-medications%2Fart-20045647&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes prevention: 5 tips for taking control

Changing your lifestyle could be a big step toward diabetes prevention — and it's never too late to start.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Ftype-2-diabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-prevention%2Fart-20047639&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Beta blockers

Beta blockers treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, glaucoma and migraines. Find out more about dosing and side effects.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fhigh-blood-pressure%2Fin-depth%2Fbeta-blockers%2Fart-20044522&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes diet: Create your healthy-eating plan

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fdiabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-diet%2Fart-20044295&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Monoclonal antibody drugs for cancer: How they work

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fcancer%2Fin-depth%2Fmonoclonal-antibody%2Fart-20047808&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Winter fitness: Safety tips for exercising outdoors

Cold outside? Don't put your fitness routine on hold. Stay safe and warm with these cold-weather exercise tips.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.com%2Fhealthy-lifestyle%2Ffitness%2Fin-depth%2Ffitness%2Fart-20045626&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Food-on-floor "five second rule" debunked

Researchers prove grabbing food immediately after it falls may not be fast enough to keep it from getting contaminated

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ffood-on-floor-five-second-rule-debunked%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Hickeys? Wasps? Strange things can cause strokes

One neurologist said he's heard of strokes originating from massages, a Bruce Springsteen concert, and rodeos, for starters

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fstrange-causes-of-strokes-hickeys-wasps-ebola%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Antidepressants: Another weapon against chronic pain

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fpain-medications%2Fart-20045647&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes prevention: 5 tips for taking control

Changing your lifestyle could be a big step toward diabetes prevention — and it's never too late to start.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Ftype-2-diabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-prevention%2Fart-20047639&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Diabetes diet: Create your healthy-eating plan

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fdiabetes%2Fin-depth%2Fdiabetes-diet%2Fart-20044295&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Monoclonal antibody drugs for cancer: How they work

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fcancer%2Fin-depth%2Fmonoclonal-antibody%2Fart-20047808&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Beta blockers

Beta blockers treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, glaucoma and migraines. Find out more about dosing and side effects.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fhigh-blood-pressure%2Fin-depth%2Fbeta-blockers%2Fart-20044522&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Winter fitness: Safety tips for exercising outdoors

Cold outside? Don't put your fitness routine on hold. Stay safe and warm with these cold-weather exercise tips.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fhealthy-lifestyle%2Ffitness%2Fin-depth%2Ffitness%2Fart-20045626&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Fibromyalgia

Fatigue and widespread pain are common with fibromyalgia, a condition affecting mainly women. Treatment often focuses on managing symptoms with medication and self-care.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Ffibromyalgia%2Fbasics%2Fdefinition%2Fcon-20019243&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8

Anti-seizure medications: Relief from nerve pain

Anti-seizure drugs often are used to help control the type of pain caused by damaged nerves.

From: http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mayoclinic.org%2Fdiseases-conditions%2Fperipheral-neuropathy%2Fin-depth%2Fpain-medications%2Fart-20045004&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8